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Bassma Kodmani (in Arabic بسمة قضماني) (born 29 April 1958 in Damascus, Syria) is a Syrian academic and former spokesperson of the Syrian National Council. She is the Executive Director of the Arab Reform Initiative, a network of independent Arab research and policy institutes working to promote democracy in the Arab world. Until 2011, she was the senior advisor to the director of the academic program at the Académie Diplomatique Internationale. From 2007 to 2009, she was a senior advisor on international cooperation to the French national research council and an associate researcher at the Centre d’études et de recherches internationales (CERI-Sciences Po) from 2006 to 2007. She also was a Senior Visiting Fellow at the Collège de France from 2005 to 2006. From 1981 to 1998, she set up and directed the Middle East Program at the Institut Français des Relations Internationales (IFRI) in Paris and was an associate professor of International Relations at the Université de Paris-1 Panthéon-Sorbonne and Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée. She led the Governance and International Cooperation program for the Middle East and North Africa at the Ford Foundation. She then became a senior adviser on international cooperation to the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS). She is also the recipient of the 2011 Raymond Georis Prize for Innovative Philanthropy established by the Mercator Fund “a prize honouring outstanding contributions to European philanthropy” for the role of her organization the Arab Reform initiative in promoting democracy in the context of the Arab Spring.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Global Philanthropy Prize )〕 Bassma Kodmani holds a doctorate degree of political science from the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris. She has authored multiple books, academic papers and articles in French and English on the issue of the democratization in the Arab world, the Palestinian diaspora, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the strategies of Arab states towards Islamist movements, political change in North Africa and regional security. Her last book to date is "Abattre les Murs" (Breaking the Walls) published in 2008. ==Early life== Bassma Kodmani was born in Damascus, Syria in 1958. As a child she attended the "Ecole Franciscaine,"a French Christian school in Damascus. Her father used to work at the Syrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a diplomat. Following the defeat of the 1967 war, he had a skirmish with the Minister of Foreign Affairs and was subsequently jailed for 6 months. This prompted him to leave Syria with his family and move to Lebanon where they stayed for 3 years from 1968 to 1971. In 1971, they moved in London where Bassma Kodmani's father had found a job at the United Nations. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bassma Kodmani」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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